Da layin watsa labarai wurin haɗin kai babban yanki ne mai rauni na aikin layi. A cikin aiki na sau da yawa zafi ya ƙone, don haka ya haifar da katsewar wutar lantarki. Binciken matsalar dumama hanyar haɗin waya, da kuma ɗaukar matakan rigakafin da suka dace a kan lokaci, zai guje wa zafi mai zafi a wurin haɗin waya yadda ya kamata. Wannan yana sa wurin haɗin waya ya ƙone hatsarin. Yi nazarin abubuwan da ke haifar da dumama wurin haɗin waya, kuma ku fahimci tushen ka'idar don hawan zafin jiki na manyan layukan wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, ƙware matakan rigakafi da mafita don magance matsalar dumama hanyar haɗi, don tabbatar da aminci da amincin aiki na layin yana da mahimmanci mai amfani.
Halin na daya: vibration na waya a cikin iska a lokacin aiki yana sa kullun kayan aiki ya yi hasara kuma yana haifar da hawan zafi mai girma.
Hali na biyu: saboda tsarin gina layin, shigarwa na tashin hankali-resistant line clip igiyar igiya karfin juyi bai isa ba kuma lamba surface na haɗin sassa ba m., haifar da juriya na lamba na shirin kayan aiki yana ƙaruwa, samar da yanayin zafi.
Hali na uku: high-load aiki na layukan watsa wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, bayan dogon aiki, haifar da haɗa sassa (gami da haɗin gwiwar shirin layi, kumburin gidajen abinci, da sauransu) zafin jiki yana da girma fiye da yanayin aiki na yau da kullun.
A. A musamman nau'i na madugu conductive dumama na tashin hankali-resistant hasumiya
1. Yankunan dumama madugu
Watsawa Lines tare da tashin hankali hasumiya waya karkatar da dumama sassa yawanci da: hade da karkatarwa da mahara clamps, ta amfani da kusoshi da aka haɗa zuwa maƙallan layin tashin hankali, tashin hankali layin jiki dumama.
2. Hanyar hukunci mara kyau
Dangane da “Sharuɗɗan aikace-aikacen don Dabarun Binciken Infrared don Kayan aiki masu ƙarfi” (DL/T664-2016), hanyoyin yanke hukunci sun kasu kashi shida manyan iri.
Ⅰ Hanyar hukunci yanayin zafin jiki.
Ⅱ Hanyar hukunci bambancin yanayin zafi dangi.
Ⅲ Irin wannan hanyar hukunci.
Ⅳ Hanyar kwatanta irin wannan hanyar hukunci.
Ⅴ cikakkiyar hanyar yanke hukunci.
Ⅵ bincike na ainihi da hanyar yanke hukunci.
3. Hanyar bambance-bambancen yanayin zafi mai alaƙa
Don kayan aikin dumama na yanzu, idan yanayin zafi na sashin shigar kayan aiki ya kasance mara kyau, ya kamata a auna zafin jiki daidai bisa ga daidaitaccen aiki na infrared ma'aunin zafi da sanyio, kuma ya kamata a lissafta ƙimar bambancin zafin jiki na dangi don sanin yanayin lalacewar kayan aiki.
Bambancin yanayin zafi na dangi: bambancin zafin jiki tsakanin ma'aunin ma'auni guda biyu da suka dace da kuma adadin yawan zafin jiki na mafi zafi.
Lokacin da darajar hawan zafi na wuri mai zafi bai wuce 10K ba, bai dace ba don ƙayyade yanayin lahani na kayan aiki bisa ga tanadi na Tebur 1. Don ƙananan nauyin kaya, hawan zafin jiki kadan ne amma bambancin yanayin zafi tsakanin kayan aiki. Idan akwai sharuɗɗa don canza ƙimar kaya, za a iya ƙara ƙarfin halin yanzu bayan sake gwadawa don sanin yanayin lahani na kayan aiki. Lokacin da irin wannan sake gwadawa ba zai yiwu ba, za a iya saita na wucin gadi azaman babban lahani, kuma kula da saka idanu.
4. Infrared ma'aunin zafin jiki misali
Yin amfani da infrared thermometer chromatographic hoto za a iya gani a fili a cikin karkatar da lahani sassa da kuma daidai zafin jiki.. Mafi girman gwajin zafin jiki na igiyar waya mai jure zafi sassa na 127 ℃, al'ada m batu zafin jiki na 38 ℃, yanayin yanayin yanayin yanayin jiki na 30 ℃, da bambancin zafin jiki na dangi 91.7%, babban lahani ne.
B. Babban dalilin da aka karkatar da layin dumama bincike
1. sanadin rashin kyawun haɗin mai haɗawa
Yin la'akari da cewa kuskuren dumama karkatarwa gabaɗaya yana faruwa ne kawai a cikin juriyar juriya na wani lokaci, sauran bangarorin biyu ba su bayyana a irin wannan yanayi ba. Saboda haka, layin da ke aiki a ƙarƙashin babban nauyi kawai yana haɓaka abin da ya faru na kuskure kuma ba shine babban abin da ke haifar da dumama ba.. Ta hanyar nazarin layin 220kVxxx 51# iyakacin duniya C lokaci dumama sassa gano cewa wannan sashe na karkatar da a layi daya da mahara line clip aron kusa sako-sako da lahani.. Sako da kusoshi kai ga trenching waya shirye-shiryen bidiyo tare da matalauta lamba tare da saman waya, yayin da nauyin ya karu, ana samun karuwar zafin jiki mai tsanani kuma yana haifar da mummunan zagayowar lahani na waya. Binciken sauran na'urorin da ke haifar da zafi ya gano cewa haɗin haɗin ba shi da kyau ga babban abin da ke haifar da karkatar da zafi..
Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin kyawun haɗin haɗin haɗakarwa galibi saboda: tsanani hadawan abu da iskar shaka na wayoyi da kayan aiki, rawar da sojojin inji, dabarun gini ba su da tsauri, tsufa na bazara 4, takamaiman yanayinsa sune kamar haka.
(1) layin yana yin tsayi da yawa, saboda ruwan sama, dusar ƙanƙara, hazo, cututtuka masu cutarwa da acid, Alkali, gishiri, da sauran gurbatattun kura da zaizayar kasa, yana haifar da haɗin haɗin haɗin gwal na zinari, riƙaƙa.
(2) layin karkatarwa kanta ba ya cikin tashin hankali, karkashin aikin sojojin inji kamar iska ko girgiza, da kuma lodin layi na lokaci-lokaci da kuma canje-canje na lokaci-lokaci a cikin yanayin yanayi, don haka haɗin gwiwa ya yi rauni.
(3) Ginin shigarwa ba shi da tsauri kuma bai cika ka'idodin tsari ba. Irin su lamba surface na dangane ba tsabta oxidation Layer da sauran datti, a cikin kiyayewa, shigarwa na haɗin haɗin ba a ƙara masu wanki na bazara ba, matakin goro bai isa ba, haɗin ba a lanƙwasa, riƙaƙa. zai rage ingancin haɗin gwiwa. Haɗin kai a cikin waya ba daidai ba ne da an rage diamita na yankin lamba.
(4) aiki na dogon lokaci, lalacewa ta hanyar tsufa na bazara, Hakanan zai sa haɗin haɗin gwiwa ya yi rauni, yana haifar da zafi.
2. Babban tsarin hasumiya mai jurewa tashin hankali shine dumama waya mai guba
Dumar layin gubar hasumiya mai juriya da tashin hankali matsala ce da ke haifar da lahani a halin yanzu. Lokacin da madugu mai ɗaukar nauyi yana aiki, saboda samuwar wani juriya, tabbas akwai wani bangare na asarar makamashin lantarki, ta yadda zazzafar madugu mai ɗaukar nauyi ya tashi. Sakamakon zafin zafi shine P = Kf I2 R inda P shine ƙarfin zafi (w). Ni ne ƙarfin halin yanzu (A). R shine juriyar DC na madugu mai ɗauka na yanzu (Oh). Kf shine ƙarin ƙimar asara, yana nuna cewa a cikin da'irar AC da tasirin fata da tasirin kusanci lokacin da juriya ta ƙara ƙima.
(1) girman juriya na lamba da alaƙa tsakanin zafin jiki, kuma girman juriya na lamba Rj za a iya bayyana shi ta hanyar ma'auni Rj = (K / Fn) × 10-3 dabara, F shine matsin lamba (Kg). k shine ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun da ke da alaƙa da kayan tuntuɓar juna da siffar fuskar lamba, dauka tsakanin 0.07-0.1. n ya dogara da nau'in lamba na fihirisar (cikin 0.5-0.75). 0.75).
(2) Dangantaka tsakanin juriya na lamba Rj da zazzabi Rj = Rjo (1 2/3 × a × t) A cikin dabara, Rjo shine ƙimar juriyar lamba (Oh) a zazzabi na 0 °C. A shine ma'aunin zafin jiki na juriya na lambar sadarwa (Ni / ℃). T shine zafin aiki (℃).
Ta hanyar bincike na sama, haɗi daban-daban a cikin layin watsawa a ƙarƙashin kyakkyawan yanayi, juriya na lamba yana ƙasa da juriya na sassan waya da aka haɗa, asarar samar da zafi a cikin sassan da aka haɗa ba zai zama mafi girma fiye da maƙwabtan zafi na halin yanzu mai ɗaukar hoto ba. Sai kawai lokacin da juriyar lamba ba ta da kyau kuma halin yanzu yana wucewa, zai haifar da lahani na dumama. Kuma juriya na lamba ya bambanta da zafin jiki. Lokacin da yawan zafin jiki na lamba ya kai 70 ℃ ko fiye, Karfe hadawan abu da iskar shaka fara zama mai tsanani, kuma samar da iskar shaka yana sa juriyar lamba ta karu da sauri, har ma da haifar da muguwar da'ira, kuma sashin lamba zai kara zafi, yana haifar da ƙonawa.
Don rage zafin na'urar haɗin gubar, dole ne mu rage karfin samar da zafi. Bisa ga dabarar ikon zafi, rage ƙarfin halin yanzu da rage juriya na tuntuɓar za a iya cimma don rage ƙarfin zafi. Layin da gazawar ta yanzu ta faru shine babban layi mai nauyi. Saboda haka, rage ƙarfin halin yanzu ba shi da sauƙi a cimma. Hanya mafi sauƙi ita ce rage juriya daidai da zane na yanzu.
C. Maganin juriya na tashin hankali na karkatar da hanyar dumama
1. Yin amfani da hanyar aiki daidai gwargwado don ƙara ƙarar guntun layin layi
Yin amfani da hanyar aiki daidai gwargwado don ƙara ƙarar gunkin shirin layi, wannan hanyar tana aiki yayin da kullin yana kwance kuma kullun yana da lahani tare da lahani na zuciya.
2. Shigar da shunt waya
Shigar da shunt waya, wannan hanya ne m zuwa aron kusa fastening hanya ba zai iya magance lahani da gubar waya jiki dumama lahani..
Nazarin ƙa'idar: bisa ga babban inji na tashin hankali-resistant hasumiya karkatar da layin dumama hade tare da ka'idar layi daya da kewaye shunt, ɗauki sabon reshe (waya shunt) a layi daya. Juriya na tuntuɓar sabon reshe da waya da juriyar reshen kanta ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da juriya na juriya na ɓangaren dumama ta yadda yawancin layin da ke gudana ta wannan sabon reshe yana samun raguwar halin yanzu ta hanyar dumama., don rage yawan zafin jiki na ɓangaren dumama.
3. Samar da shunt na waya da shigarwa tare da wutar lantarki
(1) waya shunt tsarin
Dukkanin saitin shunts na waya ya ƙunshi sassa biyu, masu haɗin waya biyu da sassan waya (bisa ga ainihin buƙatar shiga tsakani). Mai haɗa waya shine babban na'ura don cimma gajeriyar haɗin ɓangaren dumama, ta wani sashe na waya don haɗa masu haɗin waya biyu.
(2) hanyar ginawa na shigar da shunt waya tare da wutar lantarki
Na farko, ma'aikatan ƙasa suna haɗa shunt ɗin waya, hasumiya ma'aikatan tare da rufi canja wurin igiya zuwa hasumiya aiki matsayi, kyawawan matakan tsaro. Ma'aikatan ƙasa tare da igiya canja wuri sannan kuma sandar aiki da aka keɓe zuwa ga ma'aikacin hasumiya. Tare da sandar aiki a wurin, ma'aikatan kasa tare da canja wurin igiya daure shunt waya sun ja aiki (aiki don karkatar da ƙarshen ƙulla layin kuskure), ya kamata a ba da kulawa ta musamman ga nisan aminci. Ma'aikatan Hasumiyar suna amfani da aikin sandar aiki, tare da ma'aikatan ƙasa suna dunƙule sassan ƙulli don sanya mai haɗawa da layin karkatarwa ya daidaita.
4. tare da iko don shigar da shunt waya bayan kulawa
Shigar da shunt na waya tare da wutar lantarki na iya magance matsalar zafi mai jurewa juriya, amma hanya ce ta magani ta wucin gadi. A sakamakon shigarwa karkashin aiki live, dole ne ma'aikatan su yi amfani da sandunan aiki da aka keɓe, wanda ke rage matsewar haɗin da ke tsakanin mai haɗa waya da wayar gubar. Bayan dogon aiki, mai haɗin waya da ɓangaren haɗin haɗin waya na gubar zai zama sako-sako, shunt na waya ba zai iya zama al'ada ba ga nauyin halin yanzu na shunt na gubar, wanda zai sa bangaren dumama ya sake yin zafi. Ana ba da shawarar cewa layin yana da damar yin duhu, m magani na dumama sassa. Ƙarfafa ma'aunin zafin jiki da infrared na hasumiya inda aka shigar da shunt shunt, musamman ma a cikin yanayin babban nauyi na layin.
