Abstract: Gabatar da kayan aiki da sifofi na abokantaka na muhalli ma'adinai rufi igiyoyin wuta, ta hanyar zayyana ma'adinai hana insulating yadudduka, thermosetting polymer m yadudduka, inorganic fiber filler, ƙaramin hayaƙi mara halogen silicon ain rufi Layer, karfe sulke mai hana wuta Layer, Layer rigakafin wuta, da karfe sulke mai hana wuta. Ƙaƙƙarfan tsarin jujjuyawar haɗaɗɗun ya ƙunshi ƙananan hayakin halogen mara kariya na kare muhalli na waje, fahimtar kariyar muhalli na juriya na wuta na USB da ƙarancin aikin kare muhalli mai guba, ƙananan guba, da kuma kebul mai jure wuta.
1 Shigowa da
Tare da kafa manyan biranen birni guda uku da matakan ƙasa, inganta manufofin iya aiki, muhimman wuraren aikin injiniya, da manyan gine-gine irin su hanyoyin karkashin kasa, wutar lantarki, makamashin nukiliya, hanyoyi, da manyan gine-gine, al'umma masu wayo, manyan kantuna, jama'a a cikin tattalin arziki Ana samun ƙarin mutane kamar wurare da sauran mutane. Kebul masu jure wa wuta da waɗannan wuraren ke buƙata ba kawai suna da aikin ja da baya ba, saboda, a wuraren da jama'a ke taruwa, amma 80 % na wadanda suka jikkata kuma na faruwa ne sakamakon shakar hayaki mai yawa ko iskar gas mai guba lokacin konewa. Kuma hayaki ba shi da amfani wajen kwashe ma’aikata. Saboda haka, igiyoyin a wannan lokacin kuma suna buƙatar ƙananan hayaki da halogen, watsa haske mai girma, da ƙananan guba. Dangane da buƙatun rukunin yanar gizon da ke sama da GB50217-2007 “Ƙididdiga don Zane na Cable Injiniya Wuta“: Kariyar wuta ta kebul da hana ka'idojin tsawaitawa, rufin ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli, kuma igiyoyi masu tsayayya da wuta sun kasance. Wannan labarin zai gabatar da nazarin tsarin, abun da ke ciki, tsarin masana'antu, da kuma gwaje-gwaje masu alaƙa na igiyoyin wuta na ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli, Yana mai da hankali kan samar da ƙananan hayaki maras halogen silica insulation yadudduka da sulke na sulke na ƙarfe.
2 na USB zane
2.1 Binciken tsari
Tsarin ma'adinan ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli da igiyoyi masu tsayayya da wuta an ƙaddara ta hanyar aikin lantarki, refractory yi, low-tobral halogen-free yi, da ƙananan guba da ake buƙata a cikin mahalli mai raɗaɗi. Polymer kariya Layer, inorganic fiber cika caji, low hayaki ba tare da silicon ain rufi Layer, karfe sulke mai hana wuta Layer, low hayaki babu kariya muhalli Layer kula da waje, riƙaƙa.
Mai gudanar da ma'adinan ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli da kebul mai jure wuta yana ɗaukar madaidaicin madauwari mai rikitarwa tare da santsi., wanda ke da kyau ga m kunsa na ma'adinai rufi da fireproof Layer. Yana iya rage iskar oxygen yayin konewa. Domin ma'adinin da ke rufe wuta yana da sauƙin sha, aikin lantarki yana raguwa sosai a cikin yanayi mai laushi. Domin dacewa da yanayin danshi, wani Layer na babban tsarin kariya na kwayoyin halitta yana cunkushe akan ma'adinin rigakafin ma'adinai, wanda ya inganta sosai na USB m muhalli. Ayyukan lantarki da daidaitawa.
Lokacin da kebul core samar da kebul, Cibiyar ta cika igiya mai cike da fiber na inorganic da kuma matsi mara ƙarancin hayaki halogen-free silicon ain insulation Layer., wanda ke taimakawa wajen rage yawan iskar kebul, wanda zai iya inganta haɓakar wuta mai mahimmanci da juriya na kebul.
Layer na waje yana amfani da sarkar sulke mai hana wuta da kuma murfin waje mara kyau na halogen mara hayaki.. Duk da yake ƙara yawan laushin kebul ɗin, yana inganta ƙananan aikin mai guba na ma'adinan ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli.
2.2 Abun abun ciki
Tsarin igiyoyin wuta na ma'adinan ma'adinai masu dacewa da muhalli sun fi girma ta madubin jan karfe, ma'adinai rufi Layer mai hana wuta, thermosetting polymer kariyar Layer, inorganic fiber filler, ƙaramin hayaƙi mara halogen silicon ain rufi Layer, karfe sulke mai hana wuta Layer, da ƙananan hayaki ba tare da hayaki ba. Haɗin halogen kare muhalli Layer kula da waje, daga cikin abin da ma'adinai rufin wuta hana yadudduka, inorganic fiber cika bukukuwa, ƙananan hayaki mara halogen silicon ain rufi yadudduka, karfe sulke mai hana wuta yadudduka, low-taba -halogen-free muhalli kare muhalli Layer kula da waje ya ƙunshi mahadi na rigakafin wuta na igiyoyin kare muhalli Layer Layer., abubuwan da ke gaba suna gabatar da abubuwan da ke tattare da abubuwan da ke hana wuta.
(1) Ma'adinai rufi Layer mai hana wuta: Layin rufin ma'adinai na inorganic yana ɗaukar bel na Yunmu na roba (fluorine Jinyun). Ana maye gurbin bel ɗin uwar gajimare da ion fluorine maimakon tushen hydrocarbon, ba tare da ruwan kristal ba, abin narke shine 1375 ° C, amincin aminci yana da girma, kuma yana da na halitta Yunmu Kawo. Halayen: wato, ƙananan ƙididdigar haɓakawa, babban dielectric ƙarfi, babban juriya, da uniform dielectric akai-akai, kuma suna da halaye na matakin juriya mai zafi, wanda cikakken cika bukatun na (950C-1000 ° C), tare da kauri kewayon 0.08-0.20mm Matsakaicin nisa wadata shine 920mm, wanda zai iya biyan bukatun tsarin kayan aiki na yau da kullun.
(2) Inorganic fiber cika: Wannan cikawa yana da halaye na juriya mai zafi, super taushi, mara nauyi, da babban ƙarfi. Ba ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu cutarwa kamar halogen, asbestos, gilashin zaruruwa, riƙaƙa. bukata
(3) Ƙarƙashin rufin rufin siliki mai ƙarancin hayaki: Ƙananan kayan siliki na siliki mara hayaƙi sun dogara ne akan manne siliki a matsayin manne mai tushe da mai ɗaukar kaya don ƙara inorganic nano-silicon foda mai cikawa., yumbu additives, da ƙari daban-daban don haɗakar Nasara, bayan tsunkule da gauraye, yi robar da za a iya amfani da ita don matsa lamba ko matsi. Tsakanin su, da silicon ain roba matrix yafi samar da inji kaddarorin da aiwatar yi na hada kayan. Ana amfani da toka mai ƙonewa azaman rufin rufin zafi. Toka da abubuwan da ke jujjuyawa ba sa faɗuwa yayin aikin konewa. Har yanzu suna da wani ƙarfin injina kuma suna haɓaka samuwar yumbu Layer, da inganta ƙarfin injina da aikin rufin lantarki na Layer yumbu. Shiri da sauransu.
Ceramics silicon porcelain manne ita ce ragowar toka da aka samar da babban zafin jiki lokacin da wuta ta faru a babban zafin wuta don samar da rufin rufi da yumbu mai jujjuyawa tare da wani ƙarfin injina.. Abubuwan lantarki na core waya tabbatar da aikin al'ada na na USB mai jurewa wuta a cikin wuta. Tsarin bazuwar yumbu refractory silicon ain manne shine kamar haka:
Tef ɗin siliki mara ƙarancin hayaki yana cike da ƙwanƙwasa ƙwanƙwasa don cika kayan cikin ratar kebul kuma yana amfani da adadi mai yawa na kayan wuta mara wuta na hydrolytic tare da adadi mai yawa na hydrophobic oxides.. Calories, rage yawan zafin jiki a saman kebul; fitar da fitar da kwayoyin ruwa kuma na iya daukar zafi mai yawa. Tushen da aka kafa na ruwa zai iya ɓata yawan iskar oxygen a kewayen kebul. Yana kaiwa 3000 ° C. Tare da hauhawar yanayin zafi, da sauri yana ƙonewa zuwa cikakkiyar harsashi mai siffar yumbu. Tsawon lokacin zubar da ciki, mafi girman zafin jiki, da tsananin harsashi, mafi wuya da kauri harsashi.
Domin abu yana da tasirin zafi mai zafi, sanyaya, da harsashi bayan dumama, An rufe harsashi mai wuyar da aka haifar bayan konewa a kan tushen kebul, kuma ana watsa zafi da zafi kuma ana yadawa a cikin kebul. Aiki, tabbatar da ingantaccen layin layin a ƙarƙashin yanayin wuta.
4) Sulke: Layin sulke yana ɗaukar bel ɗin karfe mai galvanized da sarkar Layer biyu kewaye da jakar. Wannan nau'i na sulke na iya inganta gabaɗayan laushin kebul ɗin, wanda ke taimakawa wajen shimfidawa da sanya wurin aikin.
Layin sulke na iya toshe yaduwar harshen wuta zuwa kebul na ciki, amma ba za a iya yada shi gaba daya zuwa cikin zafin zafin da ke ciki ba. Manufar rigakafin gobara.
5) Kwaroron roba na waje: Zaɓi abu mara harshen wuta mai ƙonewa tare da oxides hydrophilic. Ya kamata ya sami tasirin zafi mai zafi, sanyaya, ƙananan adadin hayaki da ƙarancin guba, da kuma high oxygen index.
Ta hanyar ma'adinai rufi Layer rigakafin wuta, inorganic fiber cika, ƙaramin rufin rufin siliki mara hayaki, makamai, da hannun riga na waje cimma manufar daidaitawa da ci gaba da samar da wutar lantarki a cikin wani ɗan lokaci a ƙarƙashin yanayin harshen wuta..
3. Tsarin sarrafawa da gwaji
Ƙaƙƙarfan aikin kariyar muhalli mai jujjuyawa samfurin an ƙaddara shi ta hanyar haɗaɗɗun tsarin kariyar wuta. Abubuwan da ke biyo baya suna gabatar da mahimman matakai na tsarin haɗin gwiwar wuta mai jurewa.
(1) Gudanar da tsari: Mai gudanarwa shine babban mai ɗaukar hoto don tabbatar da aikin lantarki. Don tabbatar da buƙatun aikin lantarki na samfurin, ya kamata a yi amfani da wayar tagulla da aka yi da iskar oxygen da jan jan ƙarfe don murɗawa. Tsakanin 0.85-0.88, saman yana santsi, ba burrs, kuma yana da gefuna masu kaifi, wanda ke taimaka wa na ƙarshe ya haɗa jakar rauni na Yunmu.
(2) Yunmu Bandbing Jakunkuna: Bayanai daban-daban na igiyoyi yakamata su zaɓi faɗin da ya dace na bel Yunmu. Lokacin da aka nannade jakar a wurin, ana sarrafa tashin hankali. , Ta folds, gefuna, da girgije - uwa foda.
(3) Ƙarƙashin ƙarancin hayaki na silicon ain danko mai rufi da jakar murfin waje mai cunkoso:
Wannan abu yana da babban danko da ƙarancin ruwa. A lokacin samarwa, Dole ne a yi amfani da dunƙule na musamman tare da ƙarancin ƙima. Don cimma sakamako mai zagaye, ƙananan hayaki halogen-free silicon porcelain tef insulation yadudduka za a iya kafa a lokaci guda lokacin da samar da Cika a cikin waya core ratar don tabbatar da cewa waya core yana a hankali a hade tare da thermal insulation Layer.. A zahiri samarwa, gudun da extrusion zafin jiki na dunƙule ya kamata a sarrafa don hana wuta yi na zafi rufi Layer da zanen gado saboda wuce kima matsi..
(4) Sarkar sulke mai hana wuta: An samar da Layer sulke na ƙarfe mai hana wuta a cikin nau'in sulke na karkace. A zahiri samarwa, kusurwa da wuri na allon jagora ya kamata a sarrafa su cikin hankali. Fiye da 15 °, kusurwar za ta sa sarkar sulke folds ya rage yawan faɗin adadin da ya mamaye. Lokacin da aka lanƙwasa ginin wurin, an raba sulke na karfe. Lokacin da mold ne m, rami na tsakiya na ƙirar dole ne a daidaita shi tare da matsakaicin matsayi na kebul, kuma ya yi daidai da matakin bel na karfe na sarkar sulke. In ba haka ba, lokacin da bel ɗin sulke ke gudana da sauri, An katse bel ɗin sulke mara daidaituwa. Tare da sabon abu, sulke sulke ya rasa tasirin kariya. Tare da tsari na karkace sarkar makamai, da mafi ƙarancin radius mai lankwasa na USB na iya kaiwa 7D (D shine diamita na waje na kebul) a lokacin shigarwa na injiniya na ainihi.
4 ƙarshe
Ma'adinan da ke da alaƙa da muhalli sun keɓance igiyoyi masu tsayayya da wuta ta hanyar rufin ma'adinai, inorganic fiber filler, ƙaramin hayaƙi mara halogen silicon ain rufi Layer, karfe sulke mai hana wuta Layer, ƙananan hayaki, da kariyar kare muhalli ba tare da halogen ba Layer kula da waje don samar da mahallin igiyoyi masu dacewa da muhalli Yana iya wuce gwajin juzu'i na BS7846: 2009, kuma yana iya biyan buƙatun gubar hayaki, juriya juriya (pH darajar, yin aiki) da yawan taba a cikin GA306.2-2007, da cimma aminci da bukatun kare muhalli.
