Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov hlau thiab cable yog cov qauv tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib. Kev ua haujlwm lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev yog ib qho tseem ceeb qhia txog lub neej ntawm lub cable. Feem ntau, yog dab tsi rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv peb siv rau hlau thiab cable?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
1) Lub ntsiab zoo: tus nqi qis, txheej txheem yooj yim, lub teeb zoo, kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob zoo, Corrosion Kuj, ruaj khov chemical zog, dej tsis kam, thiab tsis-retarded combustion. Yog li ntawd, nws yog dav siv nyob rau hauv low-voltage tis kab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub davhlau ya nyob twg Circuit Court, raws li qhov yooj yim rwb thaiv tsev thiab sheathing khoom.
(2) Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub θn ntawm PVC insulated cable yog 70 ° C, thaum kawg kub (short-circuit transient kub) θm yog 160 ° C (140°C rau thaj tsam ntu ntu ntawm 300m㎡ thiab siab dua). Ntxiv rau, muaj cov ntaub ntawv PVC nrog cov yas yas uas muaj cua sov ntxiv, nws θn tuaj yeem ncav cuag 90 ℃, tab sis θm tseem tsis hloov.
(3) Lub ntsiab tsis zoo: Nws tsis haum rau qhov chaw qis qis, nws ua nyuaj thiab nkig ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tsis tuaj yeem siv rau hauv ib puag ncig qis dua -15 ℃, thiab nws tsis haum rau kev tsim kho hauv ib puag ncig hauv qab -5 ℃. PVC emissions roj thaum nws hlawv, yog li daim ntawv thov ntau yam txwv heev. Nws yog tsis zoo yoog rau atmospheric laus tej yam kev mob, thiab nyob rau hauv tshav ntuj muaj zog los yog ib puag ncig kub, lub plasticizer yog ib qho yooj yim rau volatilize kom ceev cov laus ntawm rwb thaiv tsev.
(4) Yuav kom kov yeej qhov tsis txaus ntawm PVC, Nws yog feem ntau yuav tsum tau ntxiv ntau hom polymers los txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo, xws li kev sib ntxiv ntawm plasticizers kom cov softness. Plasticizers tau ntxiv rau antimony trioxide thiab chlorinated paraffin kom nce cov nplaim hluav taws kub.. Molybdenum chloride yog ntxiv los txo cov pa luam yeeb. Txawv additive formulations, thiab cov txheej txheem molding sib txawv, tab sis kuj tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam khoom siv derivative. Xws li nce kev hloov pauv, nce rigidity, txhim kho hnav tsis kam, thiab tuaj yeem ua kom kub ua haujlwm nce mus txog 90 ℃ ntawm ntau yam khoom.
Hla-txuas polyethylene (XLPE)
(1) Hla-txuas polyethylene yog txheej txheem txoj kev uas polyethylene (PE) cov ntaub ntawv nrog ib tug linear molecular qauv yog cross-txuas mus rau hauv ib tug peb-dimensional reticulated molecular qauv los ntawm cross-linking agents thiab hluav taws xob los yog electron beam bombardment. Nyob rau tam sim no, muaj ob hom kev sib txuas, chemical cross-linking thiab irradiation cross-linking. Irradiation cross-linking tuaj yeem tswj tau cov khoom hluav taws xob zoo thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob zoo thiab ruaj khov, uas yog txoj kev sib txuas zoo dua tam sim no.
(2) Lub ntsiab zoo: yog zoo rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo, siab tam sim no nqa peev xwm, qis dielectric poob, sib dua zoo, Corrosion Kuj, dej tsis kam, txias tsis kam, tsis muaj halogen, kub hnyiab tsis tawm ntau cov pa phem.
(3) Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub θn yog 90 ℃ thiab qhov kawg kub θm yog 250 ℃, uas yog pom tseeb zoo dua li cov ntaub ntawv insulating xws li PVC thiab roj hmab.
4) Ordinary cross-linked polyethylene los ntawm chemical cross-linking method tsis muaj nplaim retardant kev ua tau zoo, thiab nws yuav tsum tau ntxiv nplaim retardant, tab sis tom qab ntawd nws yuav txo cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab hluav taws xob. XLPE yog rhiab heev rau ultraviolet hluav taws xob thiab yuav tsum tsis txhob siv sab nraum zoov thiab nyob rau hauv cov chaw uas muaj zog tshav ntuj, txwv tsis pub, nws yuav tsum muaj sheathing lossis tiv thaiv kev ntsuas.
Ethylene propylene roj hmab (EPR): uas yog, cross-linked ethylene-propylene roj hmab
(1) Lub ntsiab zoo: siab load peev, tsis muaj halogen, yuav tsis tawm ntau cov pa taws thaum hlawv. Kuj muaj nplaim retardant zog. Nws muaj qhov stability ntawm ozone kuj. Nws tuaj yeem siv rau hauv qhov chaw qis qis ntawm -50 ℃.
2) Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub θn yog 90 ℃, thiab qhov kawg kub θm yog 250 ℃, uas yog tib yam li XLPE.
(3) Cov khoom siv rwb thaiv tsev no tau siv dav hauv Tebchaws Europe.
Rwb thaiv tsev
(1) yam ntxwv: cov roj hmab siv rau hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev, ntau tshaj li ntuj ntshiab roj hmab, tab sis los ntawm cov roj hmab ntshiab thiab ntau yam additives thiab fillers tov, ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, siab, vulcanization txheej txheem ua los ntawm elastomer; roj hmab yooj, elasticity, thiab lub zog tensile zoo dua; nyob rau xyoo 1970s ua ntej cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg-voltage faib cov ntaub ntawv xov hlau rwb thaiv tsev, tom qab maj mam hloov los ntawm PVC thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv; niaj hnub no (1) Yam ntxwv: Cov roj hmab siv rau hlau thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev feem ntau tsis yog cov roj hmab ntshiab, tab sis ib qho elastomer ua los ntawm cov roj hmab ntshiab tov nrog ntau yam additives thiab fillers thiab vulcanized nyob rau hauv tej yam kub thiab siab.. Lub softness, elasticity, thiab tensile lub zog ntawm cov roj hmab zoo dua. Ua ntej xyoo 1970, nws yog cov khoom siv insulating tseem ceeb rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg thiab cov xaim hluav taws xob thiab tau maj mam hloov los ntawm PVC thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.. Niaj hnub no, nws yog tsuas yog siv los ua cov roj hmab-sheathed saj zawg zog cable rau cov khoom siv txawb thiab cov ntawv siv hluav taws xob.
(2) Qhov siab tshaj plaws ua haujlwm kub tsis tu ncua θn yog 60 ℃, qhov kawg kub yog θm 200 ℃, rau hluav taws xob hluav taws xob qis thiab cable rwb thaiv tsev, sheathing. Kuj tseem muaj neoprene, n mus 85 ℃, θm rau 220 ℃, feem ntau yog siv rau sab nraum zoov cable sheathing. Kuj tseem muaj cov roj hmab silicone, n mus 185 ℃, θm rau 350 ℃, raws li ib tug tshwj xeeb high-temperature lead, H-chav rwb thaiv tsev lub cev muaj zog txhuas hlau thiab marine high-temperature cable, tus lwm yam.
(3) roj hmab rwb thaiv tsev cov ntaub ntawv Hlau thiab Cable nrog lub peev xwm me me, kev laus tsis kam, roj kuj, thiab cov kuab tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov roj hmab, ntau yam roj hmab polymers muaj ntau yam zoo, xws li neoprene roj hmab huab cua tsis kam, roj kuj, hnav tsis kam, zoo nplaim retardant zog, thiab haum rau cable sheathing. Nitrile roj hmab roj kuj, zoo corrosion kuj, siv rau roj twj tso kua mis lub cev muaj zog thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cov hlau lead hlau. Silicone roj hmab muaj qhov kub thiab txias, siab tensile zog, thiab cov khoom hluav taws xob zoo, siv rau high-temperature khoom siv lead ua hlau. Fluorine roj hmab kub kuj, roj kuj, huab cua tsis kam, kev ua tau zoo, siv rau tshwj xeeb cable sheathing.
