1. Nhanganyaya: Kukosha kweCable Colution Kuongororwa
Munharaunda dzazvino, tambo dzinoshanda sevatakuri vemutengesi musimba, telecommunication, uye minda yeindasitiri, Nekuvimbika kwavo zvakananga zvinobatsira system kuchengetedza uye kugadzikana kushanda. Zvisinei, cable zvikanganiso hazvigoneke nekuda kwezvinhu zvakatipoteredza, Simba rekushushikana, kusimbisa kuchembera, uye zvimwe zvinokanganisa. Kupararira kana kutaurirana kukanganiswa kunokonzerwa nekukanganisa uku kunoitika mukurasikirwa kwakakosha kwehupfumi gore rimwe nerimwe. Saka, Mastering zvakarongeka uye zvakarongeka cable kutadza kuzivikanwa uye nzira dzekuongorora dzinokosha dzakakosha.
Iyo tambo yehunyanzvi hwenyanzvi inoenderana neiyi gwara rinoenderana nezvinodiwa kubva kuInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) uye iyo institute of yemagetsi uye yemagetsi mainjiniya (Aeee), yakasanganiswa neyakakura munda ruzivo. Iyo inovavarira kupa yakazara-maitiro maitiro ehunyanzvi, Kubva kuFault Pre-Ongorora Kugadziriswa Kwakanaka, Kubatsira vashandi vehunyanzvi mukukurumidza kuwana marudzi okutadza uye chinzvimbo, zvinobudirira kupfupisa gadziriso nguva, kuderedza kurasikirwa, uye nekunzwisisa kusimudzira tambo yetambo kuvimbika.
2. Cable kutadza kuiswa, Hunhu, uye zvakakonzera zvikonzero
Kuongorora cable zvikanganiso zvinobudirira, Izvo zvakakosha kuti utange kunzwisise mhando dzezvikanganiso uye zvavanokonzera zvavanoita. Mhando dzakasiyana siyana dzinoratidza dzakasiyana maitiro maitiro uye inoda nzira dzakasiyana dzekuona.
2.1 Zvakajairika kukanganisa mhando uye maitiro avo emagetsi
Cable zvikanganiso zvinowanzo kuvezwa zvichienderana nehunhu hwekudzivisa uye kubatana kwenzvimbo yekukanganisa:
Pfupi pfupi mhosva:
Hunhu: Kubatana kwesimba kunoitika pakati pematanho, kana pakati pechikamu uye pasi (kana kusarerekera). Iko kukanganisa kwekupokana kwekuramba kazhinji kwakaderera, padyo ne zero (inozivikanwa seyakaderera kupokana dunhu pfupi).
Maitiro emagetsi: Kupokana kunopesana kuri pedyo ne zero, uye loop kuramba kwakadzikira zvisina kujairika.
Kuratidzwa: Inogona kutungamira kurira, fuse kuputika, kana zvigadzirwa zvekushandisa.
Vhura Circit Circault:
Hunhu: Iyo cable conductor inopindirwa, Kudzivirira kuyerera kwazvino. Izvi zvinogona kuve zvakakwana kana chikamu chekupaza mune imwe, piri, kana matatu matatu.
Maitiro emagetsi: Kudzvinyirira kupesana kwakanyanyisa kukwirira, kana kunyange kushayiwa; kusimbisa kupokana kunogona kuve kwakajairika kana kukuvara.
Kuratidzwa: Zvishandiso zvinotadza kugamuchira simba, kana chiratidzo chekutaurirana chinokanganiswa.
Chipo pasi:
Hunhu: Conductor conductor (kana iyo insulation layer mushure mekuparadzwa) inobatanidza pasi. Iyi ndeimwe yemhando dzinozivikanwa dzezvikanganiso zvechikanganiso. Zvichienderana nekuroverera kwekuramba kune mhosva yekukanganisa pasi, inogona kuiswa seyakaderera kupokana ivhu mhosva kana yakanyanya kupokana ivhu mhosva.
Maitiro emagetsi: Simbiso yekupokana inodonha zvakanyanya, zvingangoita mazana em m‖ kana kunyange infinity pasi kune makumi maviri kana mashoma m k, kana kunyange pazasi 1kω (kupokana kwakaderera) kana pamusoro 1kω (Kupokana kwakanyanya), dzimwe nguva kusvika mazana emimwe (Kupokana kwakanyanya).
Kuratidzwa: Ground Chisimba Dziviriro Chishandiso Chishandiso, System Ground zvazvino zvinowedzera zvisina kujairika, uye inogona kukonzera kusimuka kweVoltage.
Yakakura Kupesana Chikwereti:
Hunhu: Iko kukanganisa kwekukanganisa kukwira kwakakwira, pamwe kubva kune akati wandei kω kune akati wandei m k. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kubva mukushambidzika kwekusimbisa, carbonization, kana kupatsanurwa kweparutivi, asi asati aumba yakakwana yakaderera-kuramba nzira. Kureba-Kudzivisa Kukanganisa kazhinji kazhinji chikamu chekutanga chezvakawanda-zvinopesana nekukanganisa zvikanganiso.
Maitiro emagetsi: Insulation Kupesana Kudonha, asi zvakadaro ane imwe kukosha. Pasi Yakanyanya voltage, Iyo Yekutadza Pfungwa inogona kusangana neFlashever kana discharge, inotungamira kune isina kugadzikana kuramba tsika.
Kuratidzwa: Inogona kukonzera kupisa kwenzvimbo, yakawedzera kufa, chidimbu chechidimbu, etc. Mangwanani, Panogona kunge pasina zviratidzo zvekunze zvekunze, Asi zvinoratidzwa zviri nyore panguva yakatarwa bvunzo.
Flashaver mhosva:
Hunhu: Pasi pemagetsi akanyanya, discharge inoitika pamusoro kana mukati meiyo insulator, kuumba toni kana kuwirirana. Insulance performance inogona kupora kwenguva pfupi mushure mekunge voltage yabviswa.
Maitiro emagetsi: Kukanganisa Pfungwa Kupikiswa Kunodonha Zvakanyanya Nekuwedzera Voltage uye Kuwedzera Kana iyo voltage yadzikiswa kana kubviswa.
Kuratidzwa: Iyo sisitimu inogona kusangana neyakagwinya ivhu kana pfupi dunhu, kukonzera zviito zvekudzivirira, Asi Revering Inogona Kubudirira. Kuongororwa kunetsa.
Kupindira kupokana:
Hunhu: Zvekutadza zviratidzo zvinoratidzika uye zvichanyangarika nguva nenguva, pamwe zvine chekuita nezvinhu zvakadai sekupisa, humidity, voltage level, kana mechanical vibration. Semuyenzaniso, chidiki chidiki chinogona kuwedzera nekupisa kupisa, kukonzera kusangana, uye kupatsanura kana tembiricha ichidonha.
Maitiro emagetsi: Iko kuramba uye kubatana kwenzvimbo yekukanganisa haina kugadzikana uye shanduko nemamiriro ekunze.
Kuratidzwa: System Dziviriro Zvishandiso Zvinoshanda Sezvineiwo, Kuita kuti kukanganisa utore kuoma uye kusimudzira kudenha kwakakosha kwekuongororwa.
2.2 Kuongororwa kwezvinhu zvemukati uye zvekunze zvinotungamira kune cable zvikanganiso
Cable zvikanganiso hazvisi zvisina mwero; zvikonzero zvavo zvakaoma uye zvakasiyana, kazhinji zvinokonzerwa kubva pane yakareba-nguva kana toniction chiitiko chezvinhu zvakawanda:
Mauto ekukuvara:
Zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa: Kukuvadzwa kwengozi neyekuzvidza, Pipe Jaya Midziyo, etc., Munguva yekuvaka; Kukuvadzwa kubva pakuvaka mugwagwa kana zviitwa zvechitatu-zvechitatu; tensile kana kushushikana kwekumanikidza kubva pakugadziriswa kwedemo kana ivhu rekufamba; mhuka (E.e., makonzo, mainites) gnowing paSheath.
Zvemukati Zvikonzero: Kunyanyisa kukotama kana kudhonza kusawirirana panguva yekuisirwa; Murombo ekuisa mhando kana yekunze simba kukanganisa pane tambo dzekushandisa (E.e., majoini, zviyero).
Cemical Corrosion:
Zvinhu zvinokosheswa muvhu, senge acids, alkalis, uye munyu,s Erode the cable sheath uye armor lager; Maindasitiri marara, mafuta emadhiri, etc., pinda iyo tambo chimiro; Electrolytic Corrosion (kunyanya munzvimbo dzazvino dzazvino).
Kukwegura Kukwegura:
Refu-refu-terload kushanda kana yakakwirira ambient tembiricha panguva yekuisa zvinokonzeresa kuchembera, kuomesa, embribent, kana kunyange carbonization yetambo insulation uye sheath zvinhu, inotungamira kurasikirwa kwekusimbisa kwekuita. Kusarongeka kwekupisa kupaza (E.e., Zvakawanda zvakarongedzwa tambo, isina kukwana ventilation) Exacerbates anowedzera kuchembera.
Kunyorova unyoro uye humidity:
Kukuvadza kune tambo yetambo, Kuiswa kusimba kwejoints, kana kunyorova mucheki mune terminations inobvumira mvura kuti uise tambo yemukati. Pasi pekuita kwemunda wemagetsi, kunyorova kunoumba miti yemvura, microscopic yekuora nzira muInternation zvinhu, izvo zvinonyanya kuderedza dielectric simba uye pakupedzisira zvinotungamira kuputsika (Miti yemagetsi).
Kushushikana kwemagetsi:
Overvoltage: Overvoltage Impulses inokonzerwa nemheni inorova, Switching mashandiro, Resonance, etc., Inogona kupfuura tambo yetambo yekusagadzikana, inotungamira kuputsika kwekusimbirira.
Magetsi emunda wekusangana: Dhizaini kana kuisirwa kuremara mukati tambo dzemabhuku (majoini, zviyero) tungamira kune isina kufanana emagetsi munda kugoverwa, Kugadzira zvakawandisa mitezo miganho yemagetsi yemunda munzvimbo dzenzvimbo, kukurumidza kusimbisa kusimbisa, uye chidimbu chechidimbu.
Chidimbu chechidimbu (PD): Kana Tiny Voids, Kusvibiswa, kunyorova, kana zvimwe zvikanganiso zviripo mukati, pamusoro, kana panguva dzekupindira dzeInsulation zvinhu, chidimbu chechidimbu chinogona kuitika pasi pekushanda voltage, kusunungura simba, zvishoma nezvishoma kusimbisa zvinhu zvekushandisa zvinhu, kugadzira chiteshi che discharge, uye pakupedzisira zvichitungamira kuputsika kwekuparadza.
Dhizaini uye kugadzira urema:
Kusvibiswa, Voids, kana nzvimbo yekune dzimwe nyika muInternational zvinhu panguva yekugadzira muviri; zvisina kukodzera Extriyn maitiro anotungamira kusingawirirani kusimbisa kusviba kana microcracks; Dhizaini yemukati kana protrussions pane simbi nhillion kana semi-yekuita zviga.
Nyaya dzemhando yepamusoro nezvigadzirwa zveCable accessories (majoini, zviyero) kana kusafunga kusarudzika dhizaini.
Kuisa uye Kuvaka Kuremara:
Zvisina kukodzera tambo yakarembera (Diki Diki Beend Radius, Kunyanyisa kudhonza kushushikana, kuswededza kupisa kana kuora masosi); isina-standard cable yekutanga maitiro ekutora (isingabvumirwe zviyero, zvisina kunaka seMi-kuitisa layer kurapwa, Kuiswa Kwakashata, Kushushikana zvisiri izvo Cone kuiswa); Kushandiswa kweasina kukodzera Backfill zvinhu.
Kunzwisisa aya marudzi okutadza uye zvinokonzeresa kwakakosha kune inobata kutadza kuongororwa uye kuumbwa kwemhando dzekudzivirira.
3. Cable kukanganisa kuongororwa kwenzira uye michina
Cable kukanganisa kuongororwa ndeye nhanho-ne-nhanho maitiro, kazhinji kusanganisira kukanganisa kwekutadza, pre-nzvimbo, Precise Kukanganisa Nzvimbo, uye kupinza nzvimbo isiriyo pasi. Zvishandiso zvakasiyana uye maitiro anodiwa kune imwe neimwe nhanho.
3.1 Basic Testing uye Prelminary Ongororo
Mushure mekusimbisa mukana wekutadza, Nhanho yekutanga ndeyekuita zviyero zvekutanga zveparamende kuongororwa kwekutanga kwekuongorora kwekukanganisa.
Megothmmneter (Insulation Kupikisa Tester):
Chinangwa: Inoyera kupokana kwekunzwa pakati pematanda cabitors uye pakati pevatengesi nenhovo (kana pasi). Iyi ndiyo nzira yakajairika uye yakakosha yekuongorora tambo insulation mamiriro.
Kuvhiya: Nyorera A DC ZIDE Voltage (kazhinji 500V, 1000V, 2500V, 5000V, yakasarudzwa zvinoenderana neiyo cable voltage rating), uye rekodha iyo insolation kupokana kukosha mushure menguva yakatarwa (E.e., 1 miniti kana 10 maminetsi).
Kuongorora: Kusimbisa kuramba kwakanyanya kuderera pane zvakajairwa kukosha kana zvirevo zvinodiwa (E.e., Inokurudzirwa zviyero: Low voltage tambo ≥ 100 Mω / km, 10kv tambo ≥ 1000 Mω / km) Inoratidza inogona kusimbisa kusimbisa kana kukanganisa kwepasi. Kana kukosha kwekupokana kuri pedyo ne zero, Inoratidza kupokana kwakaderera pasi pasi kana chipfupi wedunhu.
Multimeter:
Chinangwa: Matanho ekunyengedza dc kurwisa, Kuongorora kuenderera mberi (Vhura Dunhu), uye zviyero zvinotarisana-chikamu kana chikamu-kune-pasi kuramba (Inokodzera kuderera voltage kana mamiriro ezvinhu ane low locult nzvimbo yekukanganisika).
Kuvhiya: Shandisa kupokana kwehuwandu kuyera kudzikisira kupokana kwemuchetera kunopera kuona kana iri redunhu rakavhurika; kuyera inter-chikamu kana chikamu-kune-pasi kuramba kuti uone kana iri pfupi redunhu kana kupokana kwepasi pevhu mhosva.
Kuongorora: Infinite concert concerction inoratidza inovhurika dunhu; Inter-chikamu kana chikamu-kune-pasi kuramba pedyo ne zero inoratidza dunhu pfupi kana kupokana pasi pasi pasi.
Cable nzira tracer:
Chinangwa: Yaishandiswa kuona nzira chaiyo yemabhokisi mune zvisingaonekwe kuiswa mamiriro ezvinhu senge pasi pevhu zvakananga kuviga. Kunyanya kukosha mune mhosva yekupokana pinkpointing nhanho.
Nheyo: Chiratidzo chemufambiro chaiwo chinoiswa kune tambo, uye anogamuchira anoona idzo dzakatumidzwa lectromagnetic munda kuti utarise nzira yeCable.
Models: Mwero wakajairika unosanganisira rd8000, Kudzora, etc.
3.2 Precise kukanganisa kwenzvimbo yenzvimbo
Miedzo yekutanga inogona chete kuona iyo kukanganisa mhando, kwete iyo chaiyo nzvimbo. Precise kutadza nzvimbo nzira inonongedzera kuyera chinhambwe pakati pekupedzisira mugumo uye kukanganisa nzvimbo.
3.2.1 Nguva Domain Represmeometry (TDR)
Nheyo: Iyo inokurumidza-inokwira voltage pulse inoiswa mumatanda uye inopararira pamwe nawo. Kana iyo pulse ichisangana nekusavimbika mismatch (senge mhosva, mubatanidzwa, kupera, kana kuvhura mugumo), chikamu kana zvese zve pulse chinoratidzwa kumashure. Nekuyera nguva yekupindirana pakati peiyo inotapurwa uye yakaratidzwa pulses, uye kuziva iyo yekunyepedzera yekunyepedzera yechiratidzo mune tambo (velocity yekuparadzira nhema, VP), Iyo inokanganisa nzvimbo inogona kuverengerwa: Chinhambwe = (Musiyano wenguva / 2) * VP.
Mashandiro echiitiko: Yakanakisa yekuwana nzvimbo dzakavhurika uye yakaderera-kuramba zvipfupi matunhu. Masaini airatidza akajeka uye ari nyore kududzira.
Zvisingakwanisi: Zvekudzivirira kwakanyanya kukanganisa (kunyanya kuramba kwakanyanya), Simba remhepo rinogona kunge rakarongedzwa kana kubatwa panzvimbo yekukanganisa, zvichikonzera kushaya simba kana kusvibiswa masaini anoratidza, kuderedza nzvimbo yekunyatso kana kuita kuti nzvimbo isingagoneke.
Kunyatso: Kazhinji yakakwira, inogona kusvika ± 0.5% kana kunyange kumusoro (Zvichienderana nekuita kwemidziyo, kurongeka kweVP inozivikanwa vp, uye inoshanda ruzivo). VP inoda kuwiriranwa nekuyedza kureba kwehurefu hwechikamu chine hutano.
3.2.2 Yakakwira Voltage Bridge nzira (Murray Loop, Bridge nzira)
Nheyo: Inoshandisa iyo nheyo yeiyo yakasarudzika yegoridhe yegoridhe bhiriji. Chidimbu chine hutano chechikamu kana chikamu chine hutano kubva kune isina kukanganiswa tambo inoshandiswa kuvaka dhiramu yebhiriji. Kana bhiriji iri pakati, Iyo yekukanganisa nzvimbo yekukanganisika inoverengwa zvichienderana nekupokana kwehurongwa hwemabhandi anoita. Iyo inowanzoshandiswa Murray Loop Bridge inokodzera kune imwechete-chikamu-chikamu chekukanganisa kana chikamu-kune-chikamu zvipfupi zvapera.
Mukana: Inonyanya kukodzera kurwisa kwepamoyo kwekukanganisa (Kunyangwe kusvika kune akati wandei m k), iyo kushaya simba kweTDR. Iyo nheyo yakavakirwa paDC Ristance Kuyerwa, isina kubatwa neinoratidzwa chiratidzo chiratidzo.
Operation mapoinzi: Inoda kanenge kamwe chete conductor seyakadzika nzira; zvinoda kuyerwa kwepfungwa kwehuwandu tambo refu uye conction kupesana; inoda kushandiswa kweiyo yakakwira voltage jenareta (yakadai dc inodzivirira michina yekuedza) kuti “mamiriro” kana “kupisa” Iyo insulation iri padyo neyakanyanya kurwisa kukanganisa kukanganisika kuti udzikise nzvimbo yekukanganisa, Kufambisa chiyero chebridge kana inotevera acoustic-magineti nzvimbo. Iyo inopisa voltage inowanzo kukwirira, se 8kv, 15KV, kana kunyange kumusoro, uye kushanda kunofanirwa kuve kwakanyanyisa kuchenjera uye kuomerera kune mirairo yekuchengetedza.
3.2.3 Kukurudzira maitiro azvino (Ice) uye sekondari inosemesa nzira (Hongu / ini)
Nheyo: Idzi nzira dziri kuvandudzwa kweTDR yekuwana nzvimbo dzakakwirira-dziripano. Ivo vanoshandisa yakakwirira-voltage pulse kune isina mhosva tambo, Kukonzera kuputswa kana kuputsa pane yakakwira-kuramba mhosva yekukanganisa, Kugadzira pulse yazvino. Sensors anobva atora iyo yazvino pulse waveform kuparadzaniswa padanda, uye kuongororwa kwakafanana neTDR kunoshandiswa kutsvaga mhosva nekuongorora iyo yakaratidzirwa wave.
Ice: Zviongorori zvakananga izvo zvinoratidzwa zvino purse zvakagadzirwa panzvimbo yekukanganisa.
Hongu / ini (zvakare inozivikanwa seArC Reflection nzira): Inoshandisa iyo arc yakaumbwa panguva yekutadza nzvimbo yekuputsa kuti igadzire yakaderera-isipo “pfupi dunhu” Kune iyo TDR pulse panzvimbo yekukanganisa, Kugadzira yakajeka yakaratidza waveform. Izvi zvinokunda nyaya yeisina kusimba tdr kuratidzwa mukukanganisa kwakanyanya uye parizvino iri nzira inoshanda yekubata navo.
Mashandiro echiitiko: Precise pre-nzvimbo yekukakavara kwepamusoro-soro zvikanganiso uye zvikanganiso zveparty.
Zvishandiso: Kazhinji inobatanidzwa mune nyanzvi tambo dzakatadza vanoona, inoda kurongeka nekuvhiya yakakwira-voltage jenareta (Yakakwira-voltage michina mune cable fault bvunzo van).
3.2.4 Kutadza Pfungwa Pincointing
Pre-Nzvimbo nzira inopa iyo Fault Dare, Asi iyo chaiyo yekukanganisa pfungwa inogona kunge iri mukati menzvimbo diki. Kutadza nzvimbo pinpointing inoshandisa nzira dzekunze dzakavakirwa pane pre-enzvimbo mhedzisiro yekunyatsoziva kuti nzvimbo isiriyo pasi.
Acoustic-magineti nzira:
Nheyo: Kuvhiya kwepamusoro-soro (Kushandisa Kuvhiya Kwakakwirira-Voltage Jenareta) inoiswa kune isina mhosva tambo. Kana iko kutadza kupora uye kubvisa, inogadzira ruzha (Kumanikidza Wave) uye electromagnic masaini. Anoshanda anoshandisa acoustic-magineti synckrone. Nekuda kweiyo musiyano wakakosha mukuparadzira kuparadzira pakati pemanzwi uye electromagnic mafungu, zvishandiso zvinogona kuona kana ruzha uye electromagnic chiratidzo kubva kune imwe nzvimbo uye kana iyo iyo ruzha rwiyo rweElectromagnetic chiratidzo (Electromagnetic Wave Speed iri padyo nekumhanya kwechiedza, ruzha rwekumhanya inomhanya zvakanyanya zvishoma nezvishoma), nokudaro inoratidza kutungamirirwa nenzvimbo yenzvimbo yekukanganisa. Chiratidzo chekuratidzira chakasimba pamusoro penzvimbo yekukanganisa.
Mashandiro echiitiko: Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzekuputsa discharge zvikanganiso (pasi, pfupi dunhu, Flashever), Kunyanya kushanda kune pasi pevhu zvakananga-zvakaviga tambo.
Operation mapoinzi: Ambient kumashure ruzha inogona kukanganisa kuteerera; Iyo shandiro yekuvhiya inoda kugadziriswa kuti ienderane nekuenderera mberi kwekurasa panzvimbo yekukanganisa pasina kukuvadza huwandu hwehutachiona hwetambo; Mushandi anoda ruzivo rwekusiyanisa mhosva yekushambadzira kubva kune imwe ruzha.
Nhanho yeTregs Voltage:
Nheyo: Dc kana yakaderera-frequency, Kukonzera zvazvino kuti vabude muvhu panzvimbo yekukanganisa. Izvi zvinogadzira iyo voltage gradient munda kutenderedza nzvimbo yekutadza. Mapuranga maviri anoiswa muvhu uye akabatana kune yakakwirira-sensitivity voltmeter, ndokufamba munzira yetera. Zvakananga pamusoro pekutadza nzvimbo, Musiyano weVoltge uchadzosera polarity.
Mashandiro echiitiko: Yakaderera kana yepakati kuramba pasi zvikanganiso, kunyanya kubatsira kune mhosva dzekutadza iyo isinga gadzira yakajeka discharge kurira.
Operation mapoinzi: Zvakanyanya kubatwa nekunyoroveswa uye kufanana; inoda zvakakwana bvunzo voltage uye ikozvino; probe kuisa pakadzika uye kupatsanura kunokanganisa chokwadi.
Zvishoma zvazvino / Maximum magineti munda nzira:
Nheyo: Iyo Audio Frequency kana chaiwo frequency chiratidzo chiratidzo chinoiswa kune isina mhosva tambo. Kana iyo mhosva ikapfupi dunhu kana kuparadzira kwakaderera pasi lol, iyo inoumba inoumba chiuno panzvimbo yekukanganisa; Kana iri redunhu rakavhurika, Izvo zviripo zvinomira panguva yekuzorora. Azvino clamp clamp kana magineti munyama sensor anoshandiswa kuona zvazvino kana magineti munda simba pamwe neThe Cable Nzira. Mushure mekirinari pfupi kana kupokana kwepasi pevhu mhosva yekukanganisa, iyo iripo inoderera zvakanyanya kuderera kana kunyangarika (zvishoma zvazvino), kana munda wemagineti uchachinja. Pamberi penzvimbo yakavhurika nzvimbo, Izvo zvazvino zvakajairika, uye mushure medanho, iyo iripo zero.
Mashandiro echiitiko: Kupesana kwakaderera zvipfupi matunhu, Kukanganisa kwepasi, kana kuvhura kutadza kutadza. Zvakare kazhinji inoshandiswa pamwe chete neye nzira tracer yekusimbisa nzira.
3.3 Insulation State Ongorora uye Yekutanga Yambiro Maitiro
Aya maitiro anonyanya kushandiswa kuongorora hutano hwese hwetambo yetambo uye kuona zvikanganiso zvinogona kuitika. Vanowira pasi pechikamu chekudzivirira kuchengetedza kana kuongororwa kwekunetseka kwekuramba / kwekutanga-nhanho zvikanganiso.
Chidimbu chechidimbu (PD) Kuwanikwa:
Nheyo: Kuremara mune insulation zvinhu (senge vhoti, Kusvibiswa) kukonzera kubuda kwechidimbu pasi pesimba remunda yemagetsi, kugadzira magetsi emhepo, Electromagnetic mafungu, acoustic mafungu, Chiedza, uye nemakemikari nekukwira. PD Majista Ekubata aya masaini kuti aongorore huwandu hwekusvibisa kusimbisa uye mhando yehurema.
Technical parameter: Kunzwa kunowanzo kuyerwa muPicocoulomber (PC), inokwanisa kuona isina kusimba isina kusimba chiratidzo masaini (E.e., 1 PC).
Nzira:
Nzira yemagetsi: Inotsvaga zviripo zvemadhirowa zvinogadzirwa ne discharge (E.e., kuburikidza neyakanyanya frequency ikozvino transformer hfct sensors pasi inotungamira, kana nekuyera masaini pamwe chete). Inoshanda kune online kana Offline kuyedzwa.
Acoustic nzira: Tarisa mafungu ehuchi akagadzirwa ne discharge (E.e., kuburikidza nekuonana kana mhepo-inopindirana sensors). Inokodzera kuyedza tambo dzemabhawa.
Ultra-yakakwira frequency (Uhf) Nzira: Tsvaga UHF Electromagnetic Mafungu (300 MHZ – 3 GHZ) yakagadzirwa ne discharge. Inopa kusimba kwakasimba kusingadzivisiki, inowanzoshandiswa gis, Shanduko, etc., uye inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune tambo dzekutenderera.
NYAYA YENYAYA DZESVONDO (Tev) Nzira: Vanoona voltagent voltages kuvhu pamwe chete nesimbi yekuvhara kweSwitchgear, etc., Kubva kuMukati PD.
Chinangwa: Inoona kutanga kusimbisa kukanganisa mumabambo uye midziyo yavo (E.e., Voids mune majoini, unyoro rinodzivirira kuita zvisungo, miti yemvura / miti yemagetsi mumuviri wemitezo). Iyo kiyi tekinoroji yekufungidzira kuchengetedza.
Difelectric Kurasikirwa (Saka delta, Tggide) Bvunzo:
Nheyo: Inoyera iyo tangent yeiyo difelectric kurasikirwa kona ye tambo insulation yezvinyorwa pasi pe acttage. Dieslectric Kurasikirwa inomiririra kusimbisa kwezvinhu zvekushandisa shanduko kushandura simba remagetsi mukupisa. Zvine hutano zvekusimbisa zvinhu zvine zvishoma kurasikirwa, Yakadzika tan kukosha, uye kukosha kwakachinja zvishoma nekuwedzera voltage. Unyoro rinorova, Kukwegura, Kana kuti kuvapo kwemiti yemvura uye nezvimwe zvirema muInternet kuchaita kuti tangi yeTangi iwedzere uye kuwedzera nekukurumidza nekukwira nekukwira voltage.
Chinangwa: Inoongorora iyo yakazara huwandu hwenyengeri rinonyungudusa kana yakapararira kukwegura mune tambo insulation. Inowanzoitwa mune conjunction ine ac kana vlf inomira kuyedza.
RATIDZE KWESI:
Chinangwa: Inozivisa kugona kwetambo kuti utore imwe nhanho yehuwandu hwekuwedzera pasina kuputsika kwemisangano. Izvo zvinokwanisika zvinofumura zvikanganiso zvinongoratidza chete pasi pepamusoro voltage.
Nzira:
Dc Ramba: Nzira yechinyakare, Asi DC voltage inogona kuunganidza nzvimbo yekubhadhara mu xlpe uye zvimwe zvinobuda muzvinyorwa, zvinogona kukuvadza tambo dzakagwinya. Zviri zvishoma kutsiviwa neVLF.
Ac: Zvakanyanya simulates chaiyo tambo yekushandisa mamiriro, asi bvunzo dzekuyedza yakakura uye inoda simba rakakwira.
Yakaderera kwazvo frequency (VLF) Ac (0.1 HZ): Inonyanyisa kushandiswa nhasi yekudzivisa kuongororwa kweXLpe uye imwe yakawedzera insulation tambo. Zvishandiso zvinotakurika, inoda simba rakaderera, uye haikonzeri nzvimbo yekuunganidzwa. Kazhinji inosanganiswa neTanδ uye PD zviyero.
Munyaya inotevera, Isu tichatsanangura tambo yekugadzirisa dambudziko mune akasiyana mamiriro ezvinhu ane zviitiko zvakananga. Tevera ZMS Cable Fr kuti udzidze zvakawanda nezve tambo.
