Kune vanhu vemazuva ano munzvimbo zhinji dzepasi, magetsi chinhu chinodiwa. Chinhu chinokosha chinoita kuti tinyaradzwe. Mabasa edu, zvishandiso, uye mabasa mazhinji ezuva nezuva anotsamira zvakananga pakukwanisa kwedu kuwana magetsi.
Asi magetsi anobva kupi?
Zvinoshamisa, vazhinji vedu tinonzwa kuremerwa kana tatarisana nemubvunzo uyu. Isu tajaira kunyaradzwa kwemagetsi zvekuti tinorega kuita hanya nekwaanobva uye tinozviona senge pfungwa isinganzwisisike.. Mumashoko akapfava, izvo zvinogadzira magetsi maelectrodes anofamba ari mucondukita. Magetsi anofamba mumatunhu mapfupi, iyo yatinoshandisa nekudzvanya switch. Inosvika kuvashandisi vekupedzisira kuburikidza netambo dzemagetsi.
Mutambo wemagetsi network, magetsi anofambiswa nepamusoro-soro, izvo zvinobatsira kuderedza kurasikirwa kwemagetsi. At about 14,000 volts, yakatanga kumhanya pamapango aive munharaunda yedu. Yakashandurwa mune transformer yemunharaunda kune yakachengeteka siyana 100 kuti 250 volts tisati tasvika kumba kwedu.
Nzvimbo dzakajairika dzesimba remagetsi
Manyuko emagetsi anosiyana zvikuru. Marasha nemamwe mafuta ezvicherwa ndiwo manyuko makuru epasi rose emagetsi. Mamwe manyuko anosanganisira nyukireya, biomass, uye renewable simba masosi akadai solar, hydro, mhepo, uye hydrothermal.
Zvichienderana nekwakabva magetsi, nzira dzakasiyana dzekugadzira dzinoshandiswa. Mazhinji emagetsi epasi rose anogadzirwa nerubatsiro rwemagetsi emhepo. Chishandiso ichi chinoshandura chitsinga chepamusoro-soro kubva mubhailer kuita simba nemashizha anotenderera uye kubatidza jenareta..
Mamwe anowanzo shandiswa renewable energy technologies anosanganisira Solar panwels, mhepo, gasi, uye hydroturbines. Imwe neimwe sosi yemagetsi ine yakasarudzika seti yezvakanakira nezvayakaipira.
Unoda kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro pezvinobva magetsi? Ngatitarisei zvakadzama
fossil fuel
As of 2020, anenge 63% emagetsi epasi rose anobva mumafuta ezvicherwa, kusanganisira marasha, gasi rechisikigo, nezvimwe zviwanikwa zvakaita semafuta. Pasinei nekukanganisa kwayo kukuru kwezvakatipoteredza, mafossil mafuta anoramba ari musimboti wemagetsi nekuda kwezvivakwa zvakagadziridzwa zvekugadzirwa kwavo uye nemitengo yakaderera.. Fossil mafuta zvidyarwa zvakavimbika kupfuura mamwe matekinoroji ekugadzira magetsi uye anogona kushandira nzanga kwenguva yakareba.
Zvisinei, kudiwa kwemafuta efossil sechitubu chemagetsi kwave kuderera zvishoma nezvishoma nekuda kwekuuya kwemasimba matsva uye kunetseka nezvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusvibiswa kwemhepo.. Chinhu chakakosha chakashata chemafuta efossil ndechekuti anoburitsa yakawanda kabhoni dhaibhorosi pane mamwe masimba emagetsi.
Pakati pemafuta ese efossil, gasi rechisikigo ndiro rinonyanya kuwanika magetsi (40%), ichiteverwa nemarasha (23%). Zvose gasi nemarasha zvinopiswa muboiler sehupfu hwakatsetseka, activating the turbines.
simba renyukireya
Simba renyukireya rinobatsira kugadzira pamusoro 15 muzana yemagetsi pasi rose, asi inowanzoitika zvishoma muUnited States, pa 20 muzana. Sezvinoita fossil fuel plant, mabhishi emagetsi enyukireya akavimbika zvikuru uye anogara kwenguva refu mubasa. Tsaona ipi neipi inobatanidza simba renyukireya inongoitika apo neapo, uye nehutungamiri hwakakodzera, mukana wekuti zviitike wakaderedzwa kusvika zero.
Sebhonasi, atomic simba rinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze nekuti hapana magasi egreenhouse anoburitswa pakugadzira magetsi, uye shoma shoma chete yemarara inogadzirwa mukuita.
Simba regwenya remagetsi enyukireya rinogadzirwa kuburikidza nenyukireya fission, inova nzira yekutsemura maatomu. Maneutron anodhumhana nemaatomu euranium kugadzira kupisa, iyo inobva yasanganiswa nemvura mune yakajairika steam turbine.
